虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为非真实条件下的虚拟语气、从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气、从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气。
第一大类:非真实条件下的虚拟语气
时间 从句 主句
与现在事实相反 did/ were should/could/would + do
与过去事实相反 had done should/could/would + have done
与将来事实相反 were to doshould do should/could/would + do
e.g. If I were you, I would be happy to do it.
If we had got the news, we could have prepared earlier.
If the job were to succeed, you should work harder.
第二大类:从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气
1) would rather + 从句
2) wish + 从句
3) if only + 从句
4) as if/ as though + 从句
5) It’s time + 从句
e.g. I would rather you didn’t tell me the story now.
I would rather you had told me the story yesterday.
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