由相对论原理可知,牛顿运动第二定律尽管是古典力学中的基本原理,但只是近似的,而决不是完全正确的。(It follows from...that....,“由……可以得出……。It是形式主语,代替that引出的主语从句。)
8.It was supposed that bodies fall to the ground with a speed which is proportional to their weight。This means that if bodies of 100 pounds and 1 pound are pushed over a cliff,the former falls 100 times as fast as the latter.
曾经有人设想,物体落地的速度与其重量成正比,这就意味着,如果把重100磅的物体和重l磅的物体从悬崖上推下去,前者下落速度是后者的100倍。(the former指bodies of 100 pounds,the latter指bodies of 1 pound。)
9.The author enumerate some of the factors which make it difficult for the sociologist to conduct experiments in the same way as his colleagues in the physical sciences.
作者列举了某些使社会科学家难以进行实验的因素,而在同样的情况下,他的自然科学的同事们却可以进行实验。(it为形式宾语代替真正宾语to conduct...。)
10.Underground water reserves are much larger than those on the surface,but as they are unseen we tend to understimate them.
地下水的储量要比地面水大得多,但是由于看不到,所以往往低估了地下水的储量。(those代替reserves。as引导原因状语从句。them代替reserves。)
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