There being no bus, we had to go home on foot. 因为没有公共汽车,所以我们不得不步行回家。
(3) 在“名词(或代词)+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中,一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。如:
Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand. 史密斯先生走进了课室,手里拿着一本书。
(比较with的复合结构:Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. )
(4) 独立主格结构没有所有格形式。如:
The chief-editor arriving, we began the meeting. 主编来了,我们开始开会。
(比较动名词复合结构:The chief-editor’s arriving made us very surprised. )
(5) 独立主格结构作时间或原因状语时,可用完成时,表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如:
The listeners having taken their seats, the concert began. 听众坐好后,音乐会开始了。
Tom having been late over and over, his boss was very disappointed. 由于汤姆一再迟到,他的老板非常失望。
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