when">when
的先行词通常是
time, day, season, age, occasion
等时间名词;
where">where
的先行词通常是
place, city, town, village, house, case, situation, scenes
等地点或情形名词;
why">why
的先行词只能是
reason
。关系副词
when">when
和
where">where
有时可用“介词+
which
”代替,
why">why
可用
for which
代替。如:
There are occasions when">when (=on which) one must yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where">where (=in which) I was born.
北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why">why (=for which) he refused our offer?
这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
注意:
先行词虽然是时间或地点,但若在定语从句中作主语或宾语时,要用关系代词。
(1)The factory where">where his father worked has closed.
他父亲曾工作的那家工厂关闭了。
(
作状语
)
比较:
The factory which/that was built in 1978 has closed. 1978
年建的那家工厂关闭了。
(
作主语
)
(2) I’ll never forget the days when">when we lived together.
我永远也忘不了我们一起生活的那些日子。
(
作状语
)
比较:
I’ll never forget the days (that) we spent in Australia.
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