20. Plethora
What you think it means: A lot of something.
你以为单词的含义是:很多事物。
What it really means: More than is needed.
单词的真正含义是:多余。
This is one I use incorrectly all the time. In fact, I almost used it a couple of times in this very article. Plethora simply means that there is more of something than is needed. For instance, you may think that 5,000 people is a plethora of people. However, when you put them into a hockey arena that seats 13,000 people, it’s actually less than half capacity and therefore not a plethora. If you had 13,500 people in that same arena, that would be a plethora of people.
这个单词是我总用错的。其实,这篇文章里可能也有几次相关的错误。Plethora是指“再也不需要什么了。比如,你可能觉得5000人是很多人,但是,如果你把这些人放到能容纳13000人的冰球场,那么人数还不到容量的一半,所以就不能算plethora(多余);如果你把13500人放到那个冰球场,那就是plethora(多余)的了。
21. Total
Total means exactly what you think it means but total is used unnecessarily on a frequent basis. When there is a total of 50 people who do something, the total is 50 whether or not you use the word “total. Or you might hear someone say that they were totally surprised. Surprise is not a conditional emotion. You were either surprised or not. The use of total didn’t add anything of value to the sentence. In most cases, the definition is correct but using the word is repetitive when put in context with the rest of the sentence.
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