例题
Mr Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 there.
One day Mr Brown went to London by train. He 3 to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr Brown 5 up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 by the man. He said angrily, “That’s 7 !” Mr Brown’ s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.
When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 of them, he said, “You’ve mended them very well.”
In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “You’ve had a 10 day,” he said.
解析
这是一篇伞店老板Mr Brown在火车上发生的故事,是叙述类文章。所填的词汇都是《大纲》范围内要求的常规词汇,因此难度不是很大。学生应在短文语境中对有用的信息进行推敲,结合整篇文章的内容,确定所需词汇。通读全文,了解大意。再读全文,确定所需词的词义和词性,1题为动词,因为该句无谓语,意思是“带来”或“给”,所以填brought或gave, 2题为动词,由于该句是被动语态,意思是“被修理”,填mended或fixed或repaired, 3题为动词,由空前主语和空后的动词不定式决定,根据下文判断意思是“忘记”,填forgot, 4题为介词,由语境决定的,意思是“在座位旁边”,填beside或near, 5题为动词,意思是“拾起”,恰好是词组pick up,故事发生在过去,所以填picked, 6题为动词,由于句子是被动语态,填stopped, 7题为名词性物主代词,由于句子是主系表结构,意思是“我的”,填mine, 8题为代词,由后面的of结构决定的,指“每一把或者说全部”,用each或者all, 9题为形容词,由于它修饰的是名词,指“相同的”,用same, 10题为形容词,由于它修饰的是名词,指“幸运的或好的”,用lucky或者good 。 在完成大部分空的情况下,再通读全文,完成其中较难的空,例如其中的3题和8题。我们做短文填空容易犯错是由于填空时只考虑了单个的句子,而没有注重根据上下文提供的信息去仔细的推敲,有时全文都理解得不错,但却没有注意到单词的词性变化,动词的时态变化等导致错误。
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