二、被动语态:英语动词的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态的句子中,动作的执行者,一般由介词by引起的短语来表示,如:We often help them. (主动)我们常帮助他们。They are often helped by us.(被动)他们常被我们帮助。
1、被动语态各时态的形式是由助动词be的各时态的形式加及物动词的过去分词构成。
2、被动语态八种时态的用法例句:被动语态常用的八种时态的基本用法和主动语态各时态的
基本用法相同,只是句中的主语不是动作的执行者,而是动作的承受者,如:(1)一般现在时:Now English is taught in all middle schools in our country. (2)一般过去时:The Great hall of the People was built in 1959. (3)一般将来时: When will the work be finished? (4)过去将来时:He told us that the work would be finished the next day. (5)现在进行时:
Your tractor is being repaired now.(6)过去进行时:The child was being examined by the doctor when they came in. (7)现在完成时:The work hasn't been finished yet. (8)过去完成:The new plan had been carried out before the second experiment began.
3、在下列情况下,一般使用被动语态:(1)当不知道动作执行者是谁或没有必要提到动作执行者时,如:Paper was first made in China. (2)当强调或突出动作承受者的作用时,如:The new machine was invented by a 20-year-old young worker.
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