二.动词
下面我们再来看看动词。What is a verb? The verb is perhaps the most important part of the sentence. A verb or compound verb asserts something about the subject of the sentence and express actions, events, or states of being. 动词是句子中最重要的成分,用来对主语动作或事件的状态作出陈述和说明,动词是组成句子中谓语成分的重要部分。由此可见,动词在句子中起了关键的作用,如果考生无法理解动词的意思,那么很可能他就无法理解整句话所要表达的意义。举例来说,在剑四中的Visual Symbol and the Blind中,有这么一段,All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel was spinning steadily; the wavy spokes, they thought, suggested that the wheel was wobbling; and the bent spokes were taken as a sign that the wheel was jerking. Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheels perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning quickly. 以上这些动词都表示特定的含义,描述了句中名词的各种状态。而且,文后有三道题目与这个段落有关,如果考生无法掌握适用的方法来理解文中所提到的这些生词,那么在面对考题时,就只能喊一声我晕了。
三.一词多义
在分析了名词和动词在文章中出现的频率和重要作用之后,我们再来看一下许多考生会碰到的一词多义的情况。众所周知,英文单词和中文词语一样,也会存在一个单词多种意思的情况。如果考生对于词汇不够熟悉,只知其一不知其二的话,那么在特定的文章中就会产生误解。还是来看Visual Symbol and the Blind这篇文章中,All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. 考生一般所知道的subject是科目的意思,程度稍好的考生可能还会了解有主语的意思,但很明显,这两个意思在这句话中都无法成立。那么,如果考生细心地去查一下字典,就会发现subject还有实验对象的意思,这样一来,在这篇实验性的文章当中,subject就非常好理解了。再举一例,在Alternative Medicine In Australia中,有一句According to the Australian Journal of Public Health, 18% of patients visiting alternative therapists do so because they suffer from muscular-skeletal complaints. Complaint一词对许多考生来说是非常熟悉的,意为抱怨,但这句话如果解释成18%的病人遭受肌与骨骼的抱怨似乎不太合理,而complaint确实还有另外一个意思,即为疾病。因此,一词多义的现象在雅思阅读中也是比较常见的对考生词汇理解产生较大障碍的原因之一。
【清除雅思阅读障碍需储备一定量的词汇】相关文章:
★ 雅思阅读末关键词
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