Warm and wet
13.Geigl herself believes that,with cooperation between bench and field researchers,preserving fossils properly could open up avenues of discovery that have long been assumed closed.
14.Much human cultural development took place in temperate regions. DNA does not survive well in warm environments in the first place,and can vanish when fossils are washed and treated. For this reason,Geigl says,most ancient DNA studies have been done on permafrost samples,such as the woolly mammoth,or on remains sheltered from the elements in cold caves including cave bear and Neanderthal fossils.
15.Better conservation methods,and a focus on fresh fossils,could boost DNA extraction from more delicate specimens,says Geigl. And that could shed more light on the story of human evolution.
Glossary
Palaeontologists 古生物学家
Aurochs 欧洲野牛
Neanderthal 尼安德特人,旧石器时代的古人类。
Permafrost 永冻层
Questions 1-6
Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
1.How did people traditionally treat fossils?
2.What suggestions do Geigl and her colleagues give on what should be done when fossils are found?
3.What problems may be posed if fossil bones are washed on-site? Name ONE.
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