雅思阅读：剑桥雅思阅读长难句分析（5）_雅思英语阅读

雅思阅读：剑桥雅思阅读长难句分析（5）

　　7. Whereas cultural anthropologists will often base their conclusions on the experience of living within contemporary communities, archaeologists study past societies primarily through their material remainsthe buildings, tools, and other artifacts that constitute what is known as the material culture left over from former societies.

　　分析：本句主句为archaeologists study past societies primarily through their material remainsWhereas cultural anthropologists will often base their conclusions on the experience of living within contemporary communities为whereas引导的让步状语从句;that constitute what is known as the material culture left over from former societies为定语从句，做the buildings, tools, and other artifacts的定语，关系词为that;what is known as the material culture left over from former societies为what引导的宾语从句，做constitute的宾语。

　　8. Archaeologists in recent decades have developed ethnoarchaeology, where, like ethnographers, they live among contemporary communities, but with the specific purpose of learning how such societies use material culturehow they make their tools and weapons, why they build their settlements where they do, and so on.

　　分析：本句主句为Archaeologists in recent decades have developed ethnoarchaeology;where, like ethnographers, they live among contemporary communities, but with the specific purpose of learning how such societies use material culture为定语从句，做ethnoarchaeology的定语，关系词为where;how such societies use material culture为how引导的宾语从句，做learn的宾语;how they make their tools and weapons, why they build their settlements where they do位于破折号后面，解释前文中的how such societies use material culture, 也是how和why引导的宾语从句;where they do为where引导的地点状语从句。