8. The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.
要点 这是主从复合句。其主句的谓语动词是had less to do with than,意为主要与有关,而不是与有关,因为句子结构比较清晰,省略了句子的并列部分,如在had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time省略了with;在than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates省略了it did.句中that引导的定语从句修饰high marriage rates.翻译时采用融合法,把重要的部分放在句首。
译文 20世纪已婚女性走出家门参加工作人数的增加主要是因为她们自己的经济需要,还与高结婚率使可参加工作的单身女工人数减少有关,而与家务机械化、妇女空闲时间增多关系不大。
9. The European Union is an imperfect creature,with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some on poor ones.
要点 这是简单句。句中with some of its actions based on fine principles是独立主格结构,作状语。因为与前一部分结构相同,句子后一部分省略了some on poor ones括号中的词。翻译时采用顺序法,对省略部分也要进行相应省略,以使句子表达简洁。
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