[附注2] 一般说来,只要需要,所有的肯定句都可以改为否定句,但一定要依照前面所介绍的各种句型的要求。此外,还应考虑以下几点:
1) 逻辑上说不过去的不能改为否定句。Where is Mary? 不能改为 where isnt Mary?
2) 句型要求不能用否定式的。How hard-working he is! 不能改为 how hard-working he isnt!
3) 除句型28中列举的一些强调词语有分工外,以下词语只用于肯定句,否定句应采用括号中相对应的异根同义词。Some (notany); too (noteither); so (neither, no more); a long way (notfar); a lot of/plenty of/a great deal of/a good deal of (notmuch of); asas (not so already still (not yet/ not any more/no more/ no longer)
1. I have got some. I havent got any. 2. I see a great deal of him. I didnt see much of him.
3. We went a long way. We didnt go far. 4. I will do so still. Ill not do so any more.
4) 注意may, must, need, can (could) 在肯定句与否定句中的含义变化,对应关系也会出现交错现象。
A. 表示许可用may (口语中常用can); 表示禁止通常用must not, 有时也用may not 语气较委婉。
May (Can) I smoke here? - Yes, you may (can). 或No, you must not. 或 You may not smoke here.
B. 表示责任、义务或必要时用must, 否定式只能用need not
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