[正]I spent ten dollars on the book.
[误]I cost two hours to do my homework.
[正]It took me two hours to do my homework.
[析]cost,spend,take都可以作花费讲,但用法不同。cost的用法是something + cost + somebody + 时间或金钱,如:The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是somebody + spend + 时间 + (in)doing something,如:I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或somebody + spend + 金钱 + on something,如:I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it:It + takes + somebody + 时间 + to do something, 如:It took me an hour to clean the classroom.
6. country
[误]You can find cows in a country.
[正]You can find cows in the country.
[析]country即可作国家讲,也可作农村讲。当作农村讲时,一定要加定冠词,而且只有单数形式。
[误]Farmers live in the countries.
[正]Farmers live in the country.
[析]但作为国家讲时则可有单、复数形式,例如:Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外,country一般指的是地理概念上的国家,如:New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族组成的国家,如:The Chinese nation(中华民族)。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围,如:the state farm(国营农场)。
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