中考复习策略26 　　 N? 　　 name ? 　　 [误] She was named of a flower.? 　　 [正] She was named after a flower.? 　　 [析] 以命名应为name after,又如给某人取名应为The father named his son Tom.? 　　 near ? 　　 [误] We came near to hit him.? 　　 [正] We came near to hitting him.? 　　 [析] 这句话应译为我们几乎要打他一顿。near to这一用法中to为介词,其后要接宾语,所以要接名词或动名词。near作介词时其后可加to也可不加to,如: I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.? 　　 by near ? 　　 We lived near the city. 与We lived by the city. 两句话都是对的,但其表达的意义有所不同,by在表达距离时比near更近,所以by the city是紧靠近某城市。? 　　 need ? 　　 [误] This room needs to clean.? 　　 [正] This room needs to be cleaned.? 　　 [正] This room needs cleaning.? 　　 [析] 在表达某事需要做什么时,need后面如用不定式要用其被动态,如接动名词则要用主动态。? 　　 [误] We need not to do it.? 　　 [正] We needn't do it.? 　　 [析] need用在否定句、疑问句中一般用作情态动词,所以无人称变化也不加to,而在肯定句中则多用作实意动词,如: We need your help.? 　　 neither ? 　　 [误] None of my parents is a teacher.? 　　 [正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.? 　　 [析] 对两者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情况。? 　　 [误] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.? 　　 [正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.? 　　 [析] 这时应用倒装句。? 　　 [误] Neither you nor I are right.? 　　 [正] Neither you nor I am right.? 　　 [析] neithernor 这一句型在应用时其谓语动词应以邻近的主语一致。? 　　 [误] Neither he studies nor plays.? 　　 [正] Neither does he study nor play.? 　　 [析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定词位于句首时,谓语动词采用倒装形式。 　　 ? 　　 never ? 　　 [误] Never I have broken my word.? 　　 [正] Never have I broken my word.? 　　 [析] never用于句首时起强调作用,要用倒装语序。但用于句中一般放于情态动词、助动词、或be动词后面,如: I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成语中,如: Better late than never. (晚做比不做强。)never mind没关系,如: What did you say?Oh, never mind.? 　　 news ? 　　 [误] There are many news about the accident.? 　　 [正] There is much news about the accident.? 　　 [析] news是不可数名词,它没有复数形式,如果讲一条资讯要用a piece of news. 　　 newspaper ? 　　 [误] I read the news on today's newspaper.? 　　 [正] I read the news in today's newspaper.? 　　 [析] 在报纸上读到某一条资讯一定要用介词in,而on the newspaper是指把某物放于报纸之上,如: May I put the flower on this newspaper?? 　　 night ? 　　 [误] I came home very late yesterday night.? 　　 [正] I came home very late last night.? 　　 [析] 昨晚一般要讲last night,而不应参照昨天上午、下午、傍晚的说法yesterday morning等套用。? 　　 no none ? 　　 no是个限定词,它可以用在可数名词单复数或不可数名词前,如: No news is good news. 但如果名词前有另一限定词时则不能用no,而要用none of,如None of the students was here.? 　　 no not ? 　　 要使句子具有部分否定的意思,我们用not,如: I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定则用no,如Sorry, there is no time to talk.? 　　 No one none ? 　　 no one与nobody一样不能接of结构,如: No one wished me good luck. 而要用of结构时要用none, 如: None of my friends wished me good luck.? 　　 nor ? 　　 [误] I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.? 　　 [正] I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.? 　　 [析] 注意在表达既不也不时不要用or作连词,而要用nor,并且要用倒装语序。 ? 　　 not ? 　　 [误] The students went to the park, but no the teachers.? 　　 [正] The students went to the park, but not the teachers.? 　　 [析] 要使一个句子或一个句子的某一部分为否定时我们要用not, 而不用no.? 　　 [误] There is no my letter today.? 　　 [正] There is no letter for me today.? 　　 [析] no是一个限定词,用在名词前时,要注意这个名词前应没有冠词、物主代词或指示代词。? 　　 [误] He not only was a writer but also an actor.? 　　 [正] He was not only a writer but also an actor.? 　　 [析] 在这一句型中not only之后的词与but also之后的词类必须一致,否则应为错句。如果这一结构用在主语位置,则谓语动词要与but also后面的主语保持一致,如: Not only you but also I am wrong.? 　　 nothing ? 　　 [误] Nothing but books were sold here.? 　　 [正] Nothing but books was sold here.? 　　 [析] 要注意真正的主语是nothing而不是books,所以这一结构在学生的使用中经常出错。 　　 [误] I have nothing to do but to cry.? 　　 [正] I have nothing to do but cry.? 　　 [析] 在这一结构中but后面要用省to的不定式。? 　　 number ? 　　 [误] A number of news can be heard on TV today.? 　　 [正] A lot of news can be heard on TV today.? 　　 [析] a number of后接可数名词复数。? 　　 [误] The number of students are ten thousand.? 　　 [正] The number of students is ten thousand.? 　　 [析] a number of 其意为大量的,而the number of是某某的数量。即the number of students意为学生人数,所以要用单数形式的谓语动词。? 　　-