通常认为分词是说明它前面的名词或代词:
Tom,horrified at what he had done,could at first say nothing.
汤姆被自己所做的事吓坏了,一开始都说不出话来了。
Romeo,believing that Juliet was dead,decided to kill himself.
罗密欧相信朱丽叶已死,就决定自杀。
A man carrying a large parcel got out of the bus.
一个拿着一大包东西的男人下了公共汽车。
但要注意分词也可被主要动词把它跟所说明的名词或代词隔开:
Jones and Smith came in,followed by their wives.
琼斯和史密斯进来了,他们的妻子跟在后边。
She rushed past the policeman,hoping he wouldnt ask what she had inher suitcase.
她赶紧从警察身边走过去,希望他不会问起手提箱里有什么。
如果在分词前面没有名词或代词,则认为分词是说明后面主要动词的主语的:
Stunned by the blow,Peter fell heavily.
彼得被这一击打昏了,重重地倒了下去。(彼得被击晕了。)
Believing that he is alone,the villain expresses his thoughts aloud.
那恶棍相信他身边没别人了,出声说出了自己的想法。
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