who,whom,whose和that作为定语从句的引导词,称为关系代词。我们现在来看一下先行词指人时,这四个关系代词的使用问题。下面用句子合并的方法来分析。
一、定语从句用who或that做引导词,在从句中做主语。
请分析下面两个简单句:句①The boy is called Jack.句②He broke the window.
把句②变为句①的定语从句,句①中的the boy做定语从句的先行词。在句②中he指句①中提到的the boy也就是定语从句的先行词,he在句中做主语,因此要用who和that引导定语从句,代替句②中的he,也就是说he就不能出现在定语从句中了。由此得到句③The boy who broke the window is called Jack.
注意:一般情况下定语从句要紧挨先行词。
请把下面每组的两句话合并为一句。
The person must pay for it./He lost the library book.
The person who lost the library book must pay for it.
The boy is very clever./He is wearing the black jacket.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
二、定语从句用who,whom或that做引导词,在从句中做宾语。因为是做宾语,所以这些引导词可以省略。
请分析下面两个简单句:句①Do you know the young man?句②We met him at the gate.
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2016-02-29
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