They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning.
二、过去完成时的判断依据
1. 由时间状语来判定
一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:
( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如:
I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.
( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如:
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. ( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如:
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由过去的过去来判定。
过去完成时表示过去的过去,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:
( 1 )宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如:
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