四.指示代词
(一)this,that,these those
1.在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
2.this(these)一般指时间和空间上较近的人或物,而that (those)常指时间和空间上较远的人或物。e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine.
3.this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物,而that(those)常指前面讲到的事物。e.g. What he told me is this:he wanted to go to Beijing./ He didnt come.That is why he didnt know.
4.that,those 常用来指代前面提到过的某个名词。e.g. The oil output in 1998 was higher than that of 1995.( that 代替oil output) / The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany.
(二)such
such引起倒装句,谓语数取决于后面主语的数:e.g Such is my answer./ Such are our people.
做定语,注意和so 的区别,尤其是在so that, suchthat 句型中。e.g. I have never seen such beautiful flowers.(复数名词前,so 不可) / I have never seen such a great film.(也可为so great a film) / We have such beautiful weather today that we should go out for an outing.(不可数词前,不可用so) / There are so many people in the hall that its hard for me to find him.(在数量概念的many,much,little,few 之前,不可用such )
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