语法复习十一：助动词与情态动词_高考语法

语法复习十一：助动词与情态动词

　　11、will的基本用法

　　(1)用于各人称，可以表示意志或决心，如：I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen. (2)在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿，如：Will you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium? (3)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有总是或会要之意，如：Every morning he will have a walk along this river.

　　12、would的基本用法

　　 (1)would作为will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的意志或决心，如：He promised he would never smoke again. (2)在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时，比用will的气更加婉转，如：Would you like some more coffee? (3)在日常生活中，学用I would like to表示我想要或我愿意之意，以使语气婉转，如：I would like to do Ex.2 first. (4)would可以表示过去的习惯动作，比used to正式，并没有现已无此习惯的含义。如：Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. / During the vacation he would visit me every week. (5)表料想或猜想，如：It would be about ten when he left home./ What would she be doing there?/ I thought he would have told you about it.

　　13、used to, had better, would rather的用法

　　(1)used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变，例如：He told us he used to play foot ball when he was young. 在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式。疑问句：Did you use to/ Used you to go to the same school as your brother? 否定句：I usednt to / didnt use to go there. (usednt 也可写作usent)；否定疑问句：Usent you to/ Didnt you use to be interested in the theatre? 强调句：I certainly used to/ did use to smoke, but it was a long time ago.；其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：She used to be very fat. didnt she?/ use(d)nt she? Did you use to play chess? Yes, I did./ Used you to get up early in the morning? Yes, I did./ used to. (2)had better意为最好，后接不带to的不定式，例如：---- We had better go now . ---- Yes, we had (wed better/ we had better)./ Hadnt we better stop now? (Had we better not stop now?)/ I think Id better be going. (用于进行时态，表最好立即)/ You had better have done that (用于完成时态，表未完成动作) 注：had better用于同辈或小辈，对长辈不可用。(3)would rather意为宁愿，表选择，后接不带to的不定式，例如：Id rather not say anything./ Would you rather work on a farm?/ ---- Wouldnt you rather stay here? ---- No, I would not. Id rather go there. 由于would rather表选择，因而后可接than，例如：I would rather work on a farm than in a factory. / I would rather watch TV than go to see the film/ I would rather lose a dozen cherry trees than that you should tell me one lie./ Id rather you didnt talk about this to anyone. (句中的 d rather不是情态动词，would 在此是表愿望的实义动词)