小议 set 及相关短语的一些用法
在英语中, set 是一个常用的词,它可以和其他词一起组成许多短语。下面就将它的一些重要用法加以归纳,供同学们学习时参考。
I. set 作及物动词用时有以下一些意思:
①放;摆;铺放;安插。例如:
The woman set the table against the wall and then left. 那妇女把桌子靠墙放好,然后走了。
She set food and drink before those travelers. 她把食物和饮料放在那些旅行者的面前。
②调整,对钟表。例如:
He set his alarm clock and then went to bed. 他调好闹钟就上床睡觉了。
③出(题目)。例如:
The teacher has set his boys a problem. 老师给孩子们出了一个题目。
④(太阳等)落下。例如:
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. 太阳每天从东方升起,在西方落下。
II. set 作名词用时意为(一)套,(一)副,(一)批,(一)叠。例如:
After they moved into their new house, they bought a bedroom set. 他们搬进新居后,买了一套卧室家具
III. set 构成的短语
1. set off
( 1 )出发,动身(去某地)。例如:
Little Tom and his father set off for America last week, and arrived there this morning. 小汤姆和他的爸爸上周动身去美国,并于今天上午到达那里。
( 2 )引爆。例如:
The man set the bomb off in a ditch. 那人把炸弹放在沟里引爆了。
( 3 )引起,使(某人)开始(做某事)。例如:
Don't set him off talking politics, or he will go on all evening. 不要引他谈论政治,要不然他就整个晚上谈下去。
2. set out
( 1 )出发,动身(去某地),意思等于 set off for a place. 例如:
The Chinese team held a meeting for a whole day before setting out for Barcelona for the Olympic Games. 中国队在去巴塞罗那参加奥运会之前开了一整天的会。
( 2 )开始,着手(做某事)。例如:
The moment I got home, I set out to do my homework. 我一到家就开始做家庭作业。
3. set about doing something 着手(做某事),意义与 set out to do something 相同。例如:
That evening he set about writing a report on pollution. 那天晚上,他着手写一篇关于污染的报告。
4. set up 建立,创立。例如:
In the Southern States the slave owners wanted to set up a country of their own, where they could freely keep black people as slaves. 在南方各州,奴隶主们企图建立一个他们自己的国家,在那里他们可以随心所欲地把黑人当作奴隶。
5. set down
( 1 )写下,记下,意义与 write down 相同。例如:
You had better set down your idea before you forget it. 你最好把你的意见写下来,以免忘记。
( 2 )放下。例如:
He set down his load and had a break. 他放下担子歇了一会儿。
6. set sb to do sth 安排某人做某事。例如:
He set his son John to repair the broken bicycle immediately John got home. 他儿子约翰一到家,他就让他修那辆破自行车。
7. set an example to sb=(set sb an example) 为某人树立了模样。例如:
He has set us a good example. 他为我们树立了一个好榜样。
8. seton fire(=set fire to) 放火烧。例如:
The man who set fire to the supermarket has been caught. 那个放火烧超市的人已经被抓住了。
9. set sb free 释放,放走。例如:
They set the prisoners free at last. 他们最终释放了那些罪犯。
10. set sail 扬帆起航。例如:
Then they set sail for their homeland. 然后,他们就起程回国了。
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