三、根据句子中的同义、反义、同等、同位关系作出判断。
1.The boy works very hard,and his sister is also diligent.该句中的also使我们知道 diligent应与work hard同义。
2.Unlike his brother,who is truly a handsome man,John is quite homely.该句中unlike是关键词,它提示John与他的兄弟情况相反。据此可知handsome与homely是反义词,从而判断出homely为丑陋之意。
四、根据文中对某一生词的直接或间接解释来弄清该词的含义。如She had a lesion on her arm that would not stop bleeding.一句中lesion假定为生词,我们则可根据后面修饰它的定语从句所提供的意思血流不止来推知lesion为伤口之意。
五、根据因果关系猜测词义。
一定的原因导致一定的结果,原因和结果之间自有逻辑上的联系。因此,原因不清楚可以根据结果部分来推断,结果部分语义不明则可根据原因部分来分析。如:The noise was so faint that it was impossible to be sure what it was or even where it came from.句中结果部分说无法确定这是什么声音,甚至无法确定它来自哪里,而 faint就是其原因,于是便可推知faint意为微弱。
六、靠常识和经验来推测语意。如:If you want our land to keep fertile,you must try to stop soil from being carried away by water or the wind.The soil is taken away by flowing water or blowing wind,we call it soil erosion.这几句话描述了我们熟知的一种自然现象。所有内容实际上是对soil erosion的解释。由解释语义我们便知道了soil erosion就是我们所说的土壤侵蚀。
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