模糊:I sat watching the boys playing football by the window.
清楚:I sat by the window watching the boys playing football.
在窗子旁不可能是孩子们踢球的地方。
模糊:He sent a radio to the shop that was out of order.
清楚:He sent a radio that was out of order to the shop.
出毛病的是收音机,而不是商店。
4、悬垂成分
悬垂成分是指与句子中任何词都没有明显关系的短语或分句。例:
To keep healthy , much exercise is important.
To keep healthy 的逻辑主语必须是人,故原句可改为To keep healthy , one should take much exercise.
5、主次不分
不同的思想放在不同的结构中,可以表示出它们相对的重要性。一般说来,重要的内容放在主句中表达,次要的内容放在从句或修饰语中表达;同等重要的内容则放在相同的结构中表达。主次不分,内容就会混乱。例:
模糊:When he suddenly picked up a stone and threw it at me, I was talking to him.
清楚:While I was talking to him, he suddenly picked up a stone and threw it at me.
原句中要重点说明的显然是他突然捡起石块扔向我,而不是我在和他谈话,故前者应放在主句中来表达。捡起石块与扔向我是两个连续发生的动作,应该说两者是同等重要的,故将它们放在了并列结构当中。
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