三者均可表示花费,区别如下:
1. 从所用主语来看:
cost 的主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语 it),不能是人;spend 的主语只能是人,不能是事或物;take 的主语可以是事或物(包括形式主语 it)也可以是人。如:
The computer cost (me) $2 000. 这部电脑花了(我) 2 000 美元。
It costs (me) $1 000 a year to run a car. 使用一辆车每年要花(我)1 000美元。
I have spent all day looking for you. 我花了 1 整天找你。
It took me an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了 1 个小时。
The letter took me an hour (to write). (译文同上)
I took an hour to write the letter. (译文同上)
注:若 cost 不是表示花费,而是表示客观上地或被动地耗费,则也可用人作主语。如:
Smokers cost the government a lot of money every year. 抽烟的人每年要耗费政府不少钱。
2. 从所接宾语来看:
cost 的宾语通常是钱,take 的宾语通常是时间,而 spend 的宾语则可以是时间或钱。如:
How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建这座桥花了多少钱?
It took her two hours to walk to the station. 走路去车站花了她两小时。
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2016-02-29
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