1) 指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词。例如:
单数 复数 限定词 This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. 代词 This is Mary. Those are my teachers.
2) 指示代词的句法功能;
a. 作主语。例如:
This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。
b. 作宾语。例如:
I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。
c. 作主语补语。例如:
My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。
d. 作介词宾语。例如:
I dont say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。
There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。
说明1:指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。例如:
(对)That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)
(对)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this作限定词)
(错)He is going to marry this. (this作宾语时不能指人)
(对)I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语)
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