下面每个例子说明一条规则,注意理解和记忆:
1) When she heard the noise, she went out to see what was happening.
Hearing the noise, she went out to see what was happening.
规则:当句子的主语与 动词构成主动语态时,只要将实义动词恢复原形 ,后面加ing即可
2) When the substance is heated to over 200℃, it will give off a poisonous gas.
Heated to 200 over 200℃, it will give off a poisonous gas.
规则:当句子的主语与 动词构成被动语态时,去掉be动词,只保留动词的-ed形式即可
3) As he did not want to hurt her feelings, he did not tell the truth at the moment.
Not wanting to hurt her feelings, he did not tell the truth at the moment
规则:非谓语动词的否定式是在非谓语动词前面加not构成;其他变化按照例1)或例2)规定
4) As she has lived in China for over 20 years, she can speak Chinese fluently.
Having lived in China for over 20 years, she can speak Chinese fluently.
As they had not finished the lessons, the students had to give up going to see the play.
Not having finished the lessons, the students had to give up going to see the play.
规则:当句子中出现1)for + 时间状语,或2)当一个行为必须在另一个行为结束后才能开始的情况下,应该用完成式,否定词 not 要放在having的前面,即Not having
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