To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. Weve found that if youre in sleep deficit, performance suffers, says Dr. David. Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.
1. The word subjects in line 6 refers to ________.
A. the performance tests used in the study of sleep deficit
B. special branches of knowledge that are being studied
C. people whose behavior or reactions are being studied
D. the psychological consequences of sleep deficit
本题考了一个熟悉的词subject。它是一个多义词,可以表示题目、科目等。但这些义项在这里都不合适。要确定它的意思,最关键的是要准确弄清它所在句子前后部分的意思和关系。这句话前一部分说,要确定睡眠不足引起的后果,研究人员让subjects通过一系列的心理和能力的测验,要求them 将几栏数字加起来或回忆几分钟前所听到过的文章。所以,这里subjects是人,是正在被研究的对象。选项C是正确答案。
例2
Labors concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labor has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labor lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.
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