When the waves meet the western boundary, they are reflected, and the model predicts that Rossby waves will be broken into numerous coastal Kelvin waves carrying the same negative sea-level signal. These eventually shoot toward the equator, and then head eastward along the equator propelled by the rotation of the Earth at a speed of about 250 kilometers per day. When enough Kelvin waves of sufficient amplitude arrive from the western Pacific, their negative sea-level signal overcomes the feedback mechanism tending to raise the sea level, and they begin to drive the system into the opposite cold mode. This produces a gradual shift in winds, one that will eventually send positive sea-level Rossby waves westward, waves that will eventually return as cold cycle-ending positive Kelvin waves, beginning another warming cycle.
21. The primary function of the passage as a whole is to
introduce a new explanation of a physical phenomenon
explain the difference between two related physical phenomena
illustrate the limitations of applying mathematics to complicated physical phenomena
indicate the direction that research into a particular physical phenomenon should take
clarify the differences between an old explanation of a physical phenomenon and a new model of it
22. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph?
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