延伸性内容:所有的社会问题中Z与某些人的观点不同In stressing the cultural determinants of a childs worth, Zelizer 争论 practitioners of the new sociological economics37, who have analyzed such traditionally sociological topics as crime, marriage, education, and health solely in terms of their economic determinants. Allowing only a small role for cultural forces in the form of individual preferences, these sociologists tend to view all human behaviors as directed primarily by the principle of maximizing economic gain. Zelizer is highly critical of this approach, and emphasizes instead the opposite phenomenon: the power of social values to transform price. As children became more valuable in emotional terms, she argues, their exchange or 转让 value on the market, that is, the conversion of their intangible worth into cash terms, became much greater.
1. It can be inferred from the passage that accidental-death damage awards in America during the nineteenth century1 tended to be based principally on the
earnings1A of the person at time of death
wealth of the party causing the death
degree of culpability of the party causing the death
amount of money that had been spent on the person killed
amount of suffering endured by the family of the person killed
2. It can be inferred from the passage that in the early 1800s2 children were generally regarded by their families as individuals who
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