欧元区的极低通胀使无竞争力的国家更加艰难回复兴盛,尤其是南欧的国家们。
Workers tend to resist nominal cuts in pay more fiercely than they do the subtler erosionof their income through inflation.
工人们怀有抵制心态,他们需要名义上付更多的钱,这样就很微妙地侵蚀了工资额度。
If inflation in the countries with which the weak economies trade is high, they can improvetheir competitiveness simply by keeping their rate lower.
如果一个国家里的通胀是建立在脆弱经济和高贸易量上,他们只要保持低税率就可以提高竞争力。
That is in essence howGermanygained a big edge in the first decade of the euro.
这就是前十年德国在欧洲占有重要地位的关键。
But with overall inflation so low, peripheral countries must instead adjust through outrightdeflation or something close to it, meaning a freeze or absolute cuts in wages.
但是整体的通胀率如此低下,小国家们必须作出调整,不能使经济完全通货紧缩或是接近这样。否则就意味着工资的冻结或大幅度降薪。
Already, in September, when euro-wide inflation was 1.1%, prices were falling by 1%inGreece.
9月份,整个欧元区通胀率为1.1%,希腊的物价已下跌了1%。
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