唯一对韩国的成就不以为然的大概只有韩国人自己了。正如本刊特别报道里所说,韩国人所享受的繁荣并没有缓解其承受的竞争压力。对韩国人而言,国家发展是通过其他方式实现的。韩国的成功仅限于几家大企业和大产业。韩国制造业表现要比服务业好得多,虽然现在后者提供大部分的工作岗位。而在制造业中,几家大型的家族式企业集团的表现要比拮据的小型企业好得多。
Unsurprisingly, ambitious young South Koreans crave employment in the thriving bits ofthe economy. Medicine, law, finance and government remain popular, but the chaebol nowtake the cream. Like the civil service and the professions, Samsung, Hyundai and their peerstend to hire people straight from the best universities, with little chance of entry later in life.This creates a double bottleneck in the labour market. There are only a few appealingemployers to choose from, and only one realistic chance to join them. So youngsters spendages padding out their CVs and prepping for examsespecially for the test taken at 18which determines your university.
毫无疑问,雄心勃勃的韩国年轻人都渴望能在经济中的强势方谋一份职业。制药、法律、金融以及政府职位依旧受欢迎,但财阀才是最大赢家。跟公务员和专业人士招聘一样,三星、现代等大集团喜欢直接从顶尖大学中挑人,不给年纪稍大的人留下多少机会。这就给劳动市场造成了双瓶颈现象。有吸引力的雇主就这么几家,而想加入他们,比较现实的机会仅有一种。于是,年轻人花大把时间炮制自己的简历,不停备考,尤其是准备18岁时参加的大学入学考试。
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