Yet shame is woven into the national fabric. As early as the fifth century BC, King Goujiannever allowed himself to forget a failed campaign that had cost him his kingdom and hisliberty. He slept on a bed of sticks and hung above his head a gall bladder, which he lickeddaily; its bitter taste served to remind him of his grievance, and gave him the strength tolater take his revenge. Chi kuto eat bitternessis a common phrase.

　　在中国悠久的历史中，耻辱早就有所存在。公元前15世纪的时候，越王勾践永记亡国之痛，囚禁之苦。他睡在柴草上，头顶挂了个苦胆，每天都舔一舔，苦味让他紧记其委屈，让他有力量在以后复仇。吃苦是一个很常见的词语。

　　In Wealth and Power Orville Schell, a longtime observer of China, and John Delury, a risingSinologist and Korea expert, set out to find the roots of Chinas economic success. In the styleof Jonathan Spence, the doyen of China historians, they do so through pen-portraits of 11intellectuals and politicians who strove to change China after 1842. Running through thisabsorbing book is the sense that Chinas leaders, from the much maligned Empress DowagerCixi to the recent reformist prime minister, Zhu Rongji, all tried, in their own way, toavenge the countrys history of shame.

　　Orville Schell是一个对中国很了解的资深专家，John Delury是一个新晋的中国研究专家和韩国专家，他们合著《富强》一书，试图找到中国经济成功的根源。模仿中国历史学家Jonathan Spence前辈的风格，他们通过讲述1842年以后试图改变中国的11位知识分子和政治家论证中国的成功。读这本引人入胜的书，让人们感觉从恶毒的皇太后慈禧到近代的改革派总理朱镕基都想用自己的方式一雪前耻。

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