Older workers now have a sharper incentive to stay in employment because of the impactof the crisis on wealth. In Britain, for example, workers who rely on private pensions havebeen adversely affected by lower returns on their investments and by poor annuity rateswhen they convert their savings into regular income.
由于金融危机对财富的冲击,年长工人继续工作的目的性更加清晰了。比如在英国,首先是投资回报的减少,其次工人将养老账户余额转为固定收入,年金利率惨不忍睹;工人们赖以维系的私人养老金因此受到极为不利的影响。
Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That viewis wrongheaded. First, it is a fallacy that a job gained for one person is a job lost foranother; there is no fixed lump of labour. And second, as the report shows, young and oldpeople are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work indifferent types of occupation: younger people gravitate to IT firms, for example, whereasolder folk tend to be employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of thingsthat should be done to help the young jobless, but shunting older workers out of theworkplace is not one of them.
或许有不少人认为年龄大的工人做得比较好是以牺牲年轻人为代价换来的。这种观点是不正确的。第一,认为一个人上岗就意味着另一个人下岗,纯属谬误;劳动总数并不是固定的。第二,据报道称,在工作中年轻人和年长的人在大多数情况下并不是替换的关系。不同的工作岗位,给二者分配的任务也是不同的:举个例子,年轻人就比较青睐信息技术公司,而老一点的人就倾向于在较为传统的工厂工作。当然,帮助新人摆脱失业困境的方法有千千万,但是把老人赶走绝不是其中之一。
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