他们将在越南发现的禽流感病毒中的HA基因提取出来,并制造了数百万个变种,又把每一个插回到原来的病毒当中。
They then screened 2.1m of these mutant viruses to see which bind to sialic acid of themammalian variety.
之后,他们扫描了二百一十万个变种病毒,看看它们中的哪一个可以与哺乳动物的唾液酸绑定。
Just eight can do so, and just one of those has become, in effect, a mammalian specialist,because it can no longer bind to avian cells.
其中只有8个能这样,而且只有其中之一实际上变得不再能绑定禽类细胞,而变成了专门绑定哺乳动物品种。
Dr Kawaoka decided to concentrate his efforts on this specialist. Further tests revealed thattwo mutations in its HA gene, called N224K and Q226L, were responsible for itscharacteristics.
河冈博士决定集中精力研究这个特别的品种。进一步的测试显示,其中有两种HA基团的变种,N224K和Q226L,是它们决定了HA的特性。
It is here that things get complicated.
此时情况变得复杂起来。
Instead of looking at the doubly mutated gene in bird flu, the team transplanted it into thevirus that caused the human-flu pandemic of 2009.
这个团队将这种基因引入2009年引起人禽流感传播的病毒中,而不仅仅是去评判那些成倍变异的禽流感基因。
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