Nixon goes to China
尼克松造访中国
The Nixon shock holds lessons for China as well as Mr Obama. Like China today, Germany inthe 1960s disavowed any responsibility for the world s imbalances, insisting that the solutionlay with tighter policies in deficit countries rather than looser policies in surplus countries. But by holding fast to the dollar, Germanyended up importing America s laxity. It could not insulate itself from the loose monetarypolicy engineered to help Nixon win the 1972 election. German prices rose by over 5% in1971. China, too, risks a loss of macroeconomic control if it continues to peg to the dollar.Its money supply grew by about 35% in the year to February. That kind of surge may be aprecursor to inflation.
尼克松的冲击,对中国以及奥巴马来说,都有借镜之处。正如今日的中国,1960年代的德国,也是拒绝承认对世界的贸易失衡有任何关系,并坚持解决之道在于贸易逆差国要紧缩,而不是贸易顺差国要放宽。可是经由对美元的挂钩,德国最终进口到美国货币上的宽松。尼克松为了赢得1972年选举,泡制了宽松的货币政策,而德国无法置身其外。德国物价在1971年上升了超过5%。如果人民币继续和美元挂钩,中国也同样冒着宏观经济失控的风险。该国货币供给在到二月份截止的年度里成长了35%。这种飙升也许是通胀的前兆。
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