2015考研英语阅读聪明不在_大学英语阅读

2015考研英语阅读聪明不在

　　After all this the human brain looks less like a model of rationality and more like a giddyteenager: flighty, easily distracted and lacking in self-awareness. Yet this book is not acounsel of despair. Its awkward title refers to Mr Kahneman s two-tier model of cognition: System 1 is quick, intuitive and responsible for the quirks and mistakes described above. System 2, by contrast, is slow, deliberative and less prone to error.System 2 kicks in when we are faced with particularly complex problems, but much of thetime it is all too happy to let the impulsive System 1 get its way.

　　最后，作者得出结论，与其说人类的大脑是理性的集合，还不如说它更像一个轻浮的少年：反复无常，容易分神，缺少自觉意识。当然这本书不是人们悲观的忠告。书的标题有些拗口，但它表明了卡内曼对认知的双层分类模型：系统一，快速，受直觉引导，易犯上述的错误。相比之下，系统二则缓慢，慎重思考，不易犯错误。只有当我们面临着复杂的问题时，系统二才会启动，更多的时候，是让受直觉影响的系统一来替我们做决定。

　　What, then, is System 1 good for? Rather a lot, it turns out. In a world that often demandsswift judgment and rapid decision-making , a creature who solely reliedon deliberative thinking wouldn t last long. Moreover, System 1 generally works well. As MrKahneman says, most of our judgments and actions are appropriate most of the time. Heurges readers to counteract what he considers to be mistakes of System 1 thinking, such asthe loss aversion that deters people from accepting favourable gambles . He also recommends checking the performanceof an investment portfolio no more than once a quarter, to limit needless anguish overshort-term fluctuations and the useless churning of shares.