The way that has been tried in the past is to build the vaccine from several components.
过去的日子里很多方法都已试验,并从不同角度研发疫苗。
First, there is a large carrier protein that forms a platform for the target.
首先,需要一个蛋白质载体作为平台,让免疫系统能发现毒品分子。
Then there is the target itself, a set of smaller molecules called haptens that are attached tothe carrier. These may either be the drug in question or some analogue of it that, for onereason or another, is to have a better chance of training the immune system.
有了目标后,将会有一系列被称作半抗原的分子将会聚集在这些病毒载体上,这些病毒或者类似的分子,无论怎样,有助于提高免疫系统的识别能力。
Finally, there is a chemical cocktail called an adjuvant that helps get the immune system topay attention to the carrier protein and the haptens.
最后,一种叫佐剂的化学物质,推动免疫系统识别蛋白质载体和半抗原
Dr Janda noticed that past experiments on methamphetamine vaccines had all revolvedaround tweaking either the carrier protein or the adjuvant, rather than tinkering with thehaptens.
Janda博士根据过去针对甲基苯丙胺疫苗的实验发现,该疫苗更多时候是反复出现于蛋白质载体或者佐剂附近,却并非是半抗原的补充作用。
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