The operators will also experiment with the capture technology itself. At one of the twoplants Aker Clean Carbon, a Norwegian firm, will have 14 months to try out a new aminesolution. At the other Alstom, a French concern, has 18 months to test the ammonium-carbonate process.
操作人员也可以用设备本身的收集技术做试验。一家叫阿克清洁碳的挪威公司在其中的一台设备上用了十四个月的时间提炼出一种新的胺溶液。另一家法国公司阿尔斯通则用十八个月的时间测试碳酸铵工艺。
Amine- and ammonium-carbonate-based CCS are not, however, the only ways to do things.Two other techniques, called gasification and oxy-combustion, work by reacting coal withpure oxygen rather than air, and thus produce exhausts that require little treatment beforeburial. The former uses coal, oxygen and steam to produce burnable hydrogen. The latterburns coal directly. Purifying oxygen and raising steam, however, both consume energy.And gasification also requires bespoke plants. Unlike the other processes it cannot beretrofitted to existing power stations.
然而,基于胺和碳酸铵反应的CCS并不是唯一的方法。其他两种叫做气化和富氧燃烧的技术,用纯氧气而不是空气烧煤,这样产生的废气在掩埋之前几乎不用处理。以前用煤、氧气和蒸汽生产可燃氢气。以后可以直接烧煤。提纯氧气提升蒸汽都要消耗能量。气化也要专门的设备。不像其他的工艺,没有必要为了现有的发电厂对其实施改造。
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