2015考研英语阅读Claude Levi Strauss_大学英语阅读

2015考研英语阅读Claude Levi Strauss

　　The underlying order

　　隐蔽的秩序

　　Generations of students considered him the father of structuralismthe theory of underlyingorder in everything. This annoyed him. He invoked the word in the 1950s mostly in homageto linguists like Roman Jakobson, who had posited binary opposites as the building blocks of language. Thereafter structuralism had become avogue, he thought, besmirched by being wrongly applied, and weirdly linking him withthinkersJacques Lacan, Michel Foucaultwith whom he had nothing in common.

　　列维-斯特劳斯在一代又一代学生的眼中都是结构主义的缔造者，斯特劳斯本人对此很是无可奈何。他在1950年代使用这个词的时候，主要是为了向罗曼雅各布森一样的语言学家致敬。自那时起，斯特劳斯认为，结构主义便俨然成了一个时髦的东西，但却总是被误用或滥用，于是，这个词的纯粹性就受到了玷污。令他甚为诧异的是，结构主义竟把他和雅克拉康或是米歇尔福柯这样的思想家联系到一块儿，他们之间其实毫无共同点。

　　But there was really no avoiding structure in his life. He loved Rameaus music, Poussinspaintings. His own career appeared to contain a fair element of chance: the second worldwar, with exile in New York, that led him to Jakobson, or his meetings with Max Ernst andAndr Breton, who taught him to look at objects with a surrealists eye. And yet possibly allthis too, as he wrote in Tristes Tropiques in 1955, exemplified how, over time, eventswithout any apparent connection, and originating from incongruous periods andplacessuddenly crystallise into a sort of edifice conceived by an architect