非谓语动词结构
常见考点突破
非谓语动词的概念
不能作谓语的动词形式就是非谓语动词,主要有一下三大类:分词、不定式和动名词。非谓语动词可以充当多种成分,如:主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。下面我们将从句法功能入手来分析这三大类非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的三大类型
分词
分词有两类,即现在分词和过去分词。从意义上来说,现在分词主要表示主动或进行状态;过去分体则体现被动或完成状态。分词在句中可作多种成分:
分词作定语。例如:
Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.
The girl standing there was crying.
分词作状语。例如:
He glanced over at her, nothing that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
He fired, killing one of the passers-by.
Being tired with the work, he sat down to rest.
不定式
不定式由to+动词原形构成,具有动词的特征,同时也有名词,形容词和副词的特征,具体属于哪个特征应视所处语境而定。
不定式作目的状语。例如:
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