2. mental slavery 思想禁锢,精神受奴役状态
3. Never when controversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up from its foundation and the impulse given which raised even persons of the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings.
[结构简析] 这是一句以Never否定词开头的倒装句,正常的句序应把never放在句中,形成:the mind of people was never stirred up from its foundations
[参考译文] 当辩论比开重大课题,重大到足以燃起/激起人们激/热情的课题时,那么一个民族的思想绝不会从天赋的情感和原始的基础上升华,甚至使最普通智力的人上升到优点庄严的思想家水平上。
4.The rational position for her would be suspension of judgement, and unless she contents herself with that, she is either led by authority, or adopts, like the generality of the world, the side to which she feels the most inclination.
[参考译文] 对她来说理智的立场是停止判断,而且除非她满足于这一点,否则,她不是为权威人物的观点所左右,后者就像世界上芸芸众生一样,倒向她感觉最倾向的一边。
5.That is not the way to do justice to the arguments, or bring them into teal contact with her own mind.
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