另外,在表示这种对比关系时,作者通常会用一些信号词来表明另一个词语与前面的词语互为反义.这些信号词无疑为读者理解和猜测生词词义提供了非常好的线索.常用来表示对应关系和提供相反信息的信号词有:
but, yet, however, while, whereas, otherwise, in spite of, despite, even though, although, though, unlike, instead(of),rather than, nevertheless, nonetheless ,on the other hand, still, none the less, by contrast, on the contrary, in the end, compared to
In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.
此句中,以信号词however为线索,可以看出作者把现在的事情与过去相比.过去是 in an orderly way ,而现在是 in a state of turmoil ,过去是秩序井然,那么现在则是相反,那就是一片混乱.
4. 以列举的句子为线索猜测词义
为了阐明某一种重要观念或者讲清某一抽象概念,作者往往采取举例的方式对这一观点或概念进行具体的说明和解释,从而使读者理解得更具体些.那么文中的例子自然也就成了读者理解文章生词的线索.表示列举关系的信号词有:
like,for example,for instance,such as, especially, include, consist of, specially
Defined most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, belief and tradition that people have handed down from generation to generation.
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