In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet B)flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to F)reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most D)recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would K)force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater N)security to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.
The new smart structures could be very J)expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
全文翻译:
1994年洛杉矶发生强烈大地震后,地震学家报告了一个好消息:地震所造成的伤亡和损害并不大。此次地震有60多人丧生。相较而言,美国1998年发生的相似强度的地震造成的伤亡多达25,000人。
洛杉矶地震伤亡人数相对较少,是因为地震发生在凌晨4:31,而当天是个假日。当时城市公路上的车辆稀少。此外,在过去的20年中洛杉矶市对建筑法规所做的修订使城市的建筑和道路系统更加坚固,增强了抗震能力。
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