From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first ____1____--, they were like newborn children, unable to use this ____2____ -- tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kinds future ____3____ -- and cultural growth increased.
Many linguists believe that evolution is ____4____ -- for our ability to produce and use language. They ____5____ -- that our highly evolved brain provides us ____6____ -- an innate language ability not found in lower ____7____ --. Proponents of this innateness theory say that our ____8____ -- for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, ____9____ -- a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical ____10____ -- times for language development.
Current ____11____ -- of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. ____12____ --, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in ____13____ -- grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being ____14____ -- to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the ____15____ -- of their first language have become firmly fixed.
____16____ -- some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been ____17____ -- from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that ____18____ -- with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language ____19____ -- than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. ____20____ --, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their childs language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
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