To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. Weve found that if youre in sleep deficit, performance suffers, says Dr. David. Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.
31. People in the 18th and 19th centuries used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night because they had ______.
no drive and ambition the best sleep habits
no electric lighting nothing to do in the evening
32. According to Dr. David, Americans _____.
are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life
often neglect the consequences of sleep deficit
do not know how to relax themselves properly
can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep
33. Many Americans believe that _____.
sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busy
they need more sleep to cope with the complexities of everyday life
to sleep is something one can do at any time of the day
enough sleep promotes peoples drive and ambition
34. The word subjects refers to _____.
the performance tests used in the study of sleep deficit
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