4.Twitch When Falling Asleep 4.熟睡的时候抽搐
As much as 70 percent of people twitch or have an involuntary jerk, or hypnagogic jerk, when falling asleep. Other than amusing awake onlookers, it seems there must be an explanation for a behavior thats apparently so common. Unfortunately, scientists arent entirely sure why we have the spasms, but of course, there are some educated hypotheses. 高达70%的人入睡时都会不由自主的抽搐或者痉挛。除了娱乐清醒的旁观者外,似乎一定有一个原因来解释为何这一症状出现得如此频繁。不幸的是,现在科学家们尚不能完全确定我们肌肉痉挛的原因。但当然,他们也有一些科学的猜测。 Some scientists believe its nothing more than an accidental reaction that happens when our nerves misfire while transitioning from alertness to sleep. This is because our bodies dont have a definitive on/off switch, where on is awake and off is asleep. Instead we gradually transition between the state where our reticular activating system (which governs basic physiological processes) is in full force and when the ventrolateral system (which drives sleepiness and influences sleep cycles) is in charge. We can be in the middle of the two states, such as when feeling sleepy, and there can be a bit of a struggle as we firmly position ourselves into one state or another. This back-and-forth struggle is thought to cause the misfiring, and the twitches are the last fights of wakefulness.In contrast, others believe its an evolutionary response left over from our tree-dwelling days, and the jerks are a primate reflex that keeps us from getting too relaxed and falling from branches. Other types of spasms while sleeping arent quite the same as a hypnagogic jerk. Dreaming of falling, for instance, and then jerking oneself awake is more of an example of dream incorporation where the brain intermixes real life and the dream state. 一些科学家认为痉挛只不过是我们的身体在由清醒到熟睡的过渡中,神经元失败地传达睡觉信息时做出的偶然反应。这是因为我们的身体并没有一个明确的开关来控制我们是否清醒还是熟睡。相反,在逐渐完成在网状激活系统(控制基本生理过程)充分发挥作用时和腹外侧的系统(驱动嗜睡和影响睡眠周期)全权负责时的过渡,并且从一种状态转换到另一种状态的过程中,我们的思维一定是挣扎的。而这种反复的挣扎恰好被认为是神经元失败传达信息的原因,抽搐也被当做是觉醒前最后的挣扎。相反,另一些科学家认为抽搐是我们从灵长动物时期遗留下的进化反应,并觉得痉挛是灵长动物的反射,这可以避免让它们因为太放松而从树上跌落。我们熟睡时的肌肉痉挛与入睡抽动并不是完全一样。比如,梦见自己往下跌落时,因抽搐而从梦中醒来则是我们的大脑混淆了梦与现实最好例子。
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