段落展开法II_小升初复习_小升初-查字典英语网

段落展开法II

上面这段话的首句(即中心句)提出了一个问题，即诺尔曼人对英国的征服为什么没有象预想的那样把英国变成一个讲法语的国家?这一问题点出了诺尔曼人征服英国的一种后果，接下来各句则解释其原因，就中心句子展开讨论。

8.分类

分类就是根据事物的特点分别归类。我们对各种人或事物进行分类，如树木，河流，城市，公司，大学生等等。我们根据他(它)们的共性和差别分类，比如我们给河流的分类可按它们的宽度、长度和深度的相近和差别来进行。

使用分类方法展开段落的关键在于把握好类别的对应性。例如，我们可以把各种体育活动分成田径、游泳、球类、体操等几大类。但是如果把它们分成跳高、球类、跑步、体操和自由泳等几类，我们就破坏了事物类别的平行性。因为，在这个例子里，球类和体操本身是两大类别，而跳高、跑步、自由泳是别的大类里的具体项目，彼此不能混为一谈。因此，在分类时，要注意事物类别对应，不能把不同类别的事物交错在一起。

在下面的段落里，作者把藏书分为三类，然后逐一加以描述：

There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers-unread, untouched. (This deluded individual owns woodpulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books-a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many - every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.)