A fraenum is a small ligament that restricts movement between body parts. The most obvious example is the fraenum which attaches the tongue to the bottom of the mouth, or the lip to the gum. It comes from the Latin fraenum which meant ‘bridle' – that same idea of restrained movement. It is also spelled frenum, and the more common term is frenulum.
系带是一小小的韧带,限制身体部位的运动。最常见的例子就是连接舌头和口底、唇和牙龈的舌系带。系带一词来源于拉丁语fraenum,意为"缰绳",和限制行动同义,亦拼作"frenum",更为常用的术语是frenulum。
uvula
小舌
The uvula is the fleshy extension that hangs at the back of the mouth above the opening of the throat. This is a body part that we share with some other primates; for instance, baboons have small, underdeveloped uvulae. The uvula helps to close the nasopharynx during swallowing, so that no food can enter the nasal passage. It also causes the initiation of the gag reflex if stimulated, and is also used to articulate a range of sounds in speech, such as the guttural R used in French.
小舌是嘴巴后部、紧贴喉咙口上方悬垂的部分。这一身体部位其他灵长目动物也有,比如狒狒有小型但发育并不完全的小舌。小舌有助吞咽时闭合鼻咽,避免食物进入鼻道。若受到刺激,小舌会引发咽反射;小舌还能用以清晰地发出一系列音,如法语里喉音r。
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