第二,以国际法治和规则为基础。家不以规矩则殆,国不以规矩则乱。亚太安全架构建设同样离不开法治和规则的约束。但规则应是由各国共同商定、各方普遍接受的国际和地区关系准则,不能把少数国家的意志作为地区或国际规则,并以此确定“基于规则的秩序”,也不能将国际法断章取义,并据此鼓吹所谓“国际法治”。
Second, the regional security architecture should be based on the rule of law and international norms. Without rules and norms, even a family would fall into disorder, not to say a country. Rule of law and norms are thus essential elements in the building of the Asia-Pacific security architecture.
At the same time, the rules should be based on consensus and universally recognized international and regional norms. The will of a few countries can’t be equated to international or regional rules, nor taken as the sole basis for “a rules-based order”. International law should not be interpreted out of context, and such interpretation should not be preached as so-called rules of law in international relations.
具体来说,亚太安全新架构要遵循以下几方面规则:一是以联合国为核心的战后国际体系和国际秩序,以及以《联合国宪章》为基础的国际法基本原则和国际关系基本准则。二是和平共处五项原则、《联合国海洋法公约》、《东南亚友好合作条约》等各国公认的国际规则和国际法;三是《南海各方行为宣言》和未来的“南海行为准则”等地区国家共同制定的地区行为规范;四是地区国家在相互交往中形成的共识,包括倡导协商一致、照顾各方舒适度的“东盟方式”。
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