However, when we deal with large numbers of birds it seems that the establishment of such a peck order is impossible, because the birds are incapable of individually recognizing every member of the group (required for establishing a peck order). When this happens, conflict or "social tension" is created. As a consequence, dominant chickens will monopolize access to resources, while subordinate birds cannot obtain access to food or water. This has been the traditional scientific explanation for the reduction in performance seen with increasing densities.
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