D.less ashamed of eating snacks than men
5.What does the underlined word “counteract”(Para.5) possibly mean?
A.Act against
B.Appeal to
C.Copy out
D.Get in
B
(2015·镇江高三模拟)In the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.
These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can?t change your behavior by simply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it. Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of selfindulgence. It?s more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you?re a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you?ll probably do so, too.
The 19thcentury character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.
Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions.Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habitscue, routine, reward.
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